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VERSION:2.0
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SUMMARY:BMI Prize 2021 SEMINAR // Aline Cretenoud "Individual differences 
 in visual (mis)perception: a multivariate statistical approach"
DTSTART:20211208T121500
DTEND:20211208T131500
DTSTAMP:20260427T200830Z
UID:8ed9b290cbd7b59929fbeada3c83aef940b290e4b828bbb3c089b5be
CATEGORIES:Conferences - Seminars
DESCRIPTION:Aline Cretenoud\, Laboratory of Psychophysics\, BMI\, SV\, EPF
 L\nIMPORTANT NOTICE // In-person attendance of this seminar is subjected t
 o some constraints:\n\n	Maximum number of participants is limited to 80 \n
 	Valid COVID certificate and ID (e.g. Camipro card)\, required to enter th
 e conference room\, will be checked at the entrance\n	Face masks are manda
 tory for everyone in the seminar room (excepted the speaker while presenti
 ng).\n\nCommon factors are omnipresent in everyday life\, e.g.\, it is wid
 ely held that there is a common factor g for intelligence. In vision\, how
 ever\, there seems to be a multitude of specific factors rather than a str
 ong and unique common factor. In my thesis\, I first examined the multidim
 ensionality of the structure underlying visual illusions. To this aim\, th
 e susceptibility to various visual illusions was measured. In addition\, s
 ubjects were tested with variants of the same illusion\, which differed in
  spatial features\, luminance\, orientation\, or contextual conditions. On
 ly weak correlations were observed between the susceptibility to different
  visual illusions. An individual showing a strong susceptibility to one vi
 sual illusion does not necessarily show a strong susceptibility to other v
 isual illusions\, suggesting that the structure underlying visual illusion
 s is multifactorial. In contrast\, there were strong correlations between 
 the susceptibility to variants of the same illusion. Hence\, factors seem 
 to be illusion-specific but not feature-specific. Second\, I investigated 
 whether a strong visual factor emerges in healthy elderly and patients wit
 h schizophrenia\, which may be expected from the general decline in percep
 tual abilities usually reported in these two populations compared to healt
 hy young adults. Similarly\, a strong visual factor may emerge in action v
 ideo gamers\, who often show enhanced perceptual performance compared to n
 on-video gamers. Hence\, healthy elderly\, patients with schizophrenia\, a
 nd action video gamers were tested with a battery of visual tasks\, such a
 s a contrast detection and orientation discrimination task. As in control 
 groups\, between-task correlations were weak in general\, which argues aga
 inst the emergence of a strong common factor for vision in these populatio
 ns. While similar tasks are usually assumed to rely on similar neural mech
 anisms\, the performances in different visual tasks were only weakly relat
 ed to each other\, i.e.\, performance does not generalize across visual ta
 sks. These results highlight the relevance of an individual differences ap
 proach to unravel the multidimensionality of the visual structure.\n 
LOCATION:SV 1717 https://plan.epfl.ch/?room==SV%201717 https://epfl.zoom.u
 s/j/96263948305
STATUS:CONFIRMED
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