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SUMMARY:No mouth is an island – human oral microbial community compositi
 on in health and disease
DTSTART:20110817T113000
DTSTAMP:20260916T063932Z
UID:2d39d946e9885225ac315b022d009179ad205fe61195c9b369bca700
CATEGORIES:Conferences - Seminars
DESCRIPTION:Dr Katrine Whiteson\, Genomic Research Laboratory\, Division o
 f Infectious Diseases\, University of Geneva Hospitals\nI will describe a 
 few different studies of human oral microbial communities carried out in t
 he Genomic Research Lab at the University of Geneva Hospitals. Using high 
 throughput sequencing it is now possible to directly access information ab
 out microbes that were previously unknown because of culturing difficultie
 s. We use both Illumina and 454 sequencing technology to study the 16S rRN
 A gene and characterize how the bacterial communities change over space an
 d time. Our studies of saliva from healthy people are an important backgro
 und for understanding the variation and stability of the oral bacterial co
 mmunities between people and in the same person over time. In one study we
  examine the communities from four families comprised of two parents and t
 wo children to see how similar their communities are. I will also present 
 a study of malnourished children from Niger some of whom have NOMA (cancru
 m oris) a devastating ancient illness which causes severe facial disfigure
 ment in >140 000 malnourished children every year. The cause of NOMA is el
 usive. A chaotic mix of microbial infection oral hygiene and weakened immu
 ne system likely contribute to the development of oral lesions. Multi-dime
 nsional scaling (MDS) and Analysis of Similarity (ANOSIM) from a Bray-Curt
 is similarity matrix of 97% OTU abundance in PRIMER both show significant 
 differences between the microbial communities found in the samples taken f
 rom NOMA affected sites compared to controls and unaffected sites. This se
 minar will introduce several recent breakthroughs from studies of human mi
 crobial communities describe our approach and our findings.
LOCATION:AI 1153 https://plan.epfl.ch/?room==AI%201153
STATUS:CONFIRMED
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