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SUMMARY:Cell-Intrinsic Adaptation of Lipid Composition to Local Crowding D
 rives Social Behaviour
DTSTART:20150414T083000
DTSTAMP:20260427T221723Z
UID:66fcad476402685539f6d2ca8607955f6263f61a5b1b8bb4ce03f21d
CATEGORIES:Conferences - Seminars
DESCRIPTION:Mathieu Fréchin\, Ph.D.\, Pelkmans Lab\, University of Zurich
  (CH)\nBIOENGINEERING SEMINARAbstract:\nCells sense the context in which t
 hey grow to adapt their phenotype and allow multicellular patterning by me
 chanisms of auto- and paracrine signalling. However\, patterns also form i
 n cell populations exposed to the same signalling molecules and substratum
 \, which often correlate with specific features of the population context 
 of single cells\, such as local cell crowding. Here we reveal a cell-intri
 nsic molecular mechanism that allows multicellular patterning without requ
 iring specific communication between cells. It acts by sensing the local c
 rowding of a single cell through its ability to spread and activate FAK\, 
 resulting in adaptation of genes controlling membrane homeostasis. In cell
 s experiencing low crowding\, FAK suppresses transcription of the ABC tran
 sporter A1 by inhibiting FoxO3 and Tal1. Agent-based modelling and experim
 ental confirmation identified membrane-based signalling and feedback contr
 ol as crucial for the emergence of population patterns of ABCA1 expression
 \, which adapts membrane lipid composition to cell crowding and affects mu
 ltiple signalling activities\, including the suppression of ABCA1 expressi
 on itself. The simple design of this cell-intrinsic system and its broad i
 mpact on the signalling state of single cells suggests a fundamental role 
 for a tunable membrane lipid composition in collective cell behaviour.Bio:
 \nMathieu was born in Thann\, France. He did his PhD at the Institute of M
 olecular and Cellular Biology in Strasbourg\, focusing on the structural\,
  molecular and cellular aspects of mitochondrial translation both in yeast
  and human cells. Mathieu joined the Pelkmans Lab at University of Zurich 
 in 2010 where he currently works on elucidating molecular mechanisms by wh
 ich single cells adapt their phenotypic state to their social context.
LOCATION:SV1717a http://map.epfl.ch/?room=sv1717a
STATUS:CONFIRMED
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