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SUMMARY:Coordinating Transcription and Translation in Eukaryotes
DTSTART:20150817T121500
DTSTAMP:20260510T073718Z
UID:c8cc8558341712b33f4f63880f2be23970ca40f8f23afaa58f1cdad1
CATEGORIES:Conferences - Seminars
DESCRIPTION:Prof. Brian M. Zid\, UC San Diego\, La Jolla\, CA (USA)\nBIOEN
 GINEERING SEMINAR(sandwiches served)Abstract:\nIn eukaryotes\, transcripti
 on and translation are considered to be discrete processes both spatially 
 and in terms of regulatory factors. On the other hand\, close coordination
  of transcription and translation for subsets of cellular mRNAs would be a
 dvantageous when an organism needs to rapidly alter its cellular compositi
 on\, such as during environmental stress. A universal feature of the respo
 nse to stress and nutrient limitation is transcriptional upregulation of g
 enes encoding proteins important for survival. Under many of these conditi
 ons overall protein synthesis levels are reduced\, thereby dampening the s
 tress response at the level of protein expression. For example\, during gl
 ucose starvation in yeast\, translation is rapidly repressed\, yet transcr
 iption of many stress- and glucose-repressed genes is increased. Using rib
 osome profiling and microscopy\, we found that this transcriptionally upre
 gulated gene set consists of two classes: (1) one producing mRNAs that are
  translated during glucose limitation and are diffusely localized in the c
 ytoplasm – this class includes many heat shock protein mRNAs\; and (2) a
 nother producing mRNAs that are not efficiently translated during glucose 
 limitation and are concentrated in foci that co-localize with P bodies and
  stress granules – this class is enriched for glucose metabolism mRNAs. 
 Surprisingly\, the information specifying differential localization and pr
 otein production of these two classes of mRNAs is encoded in the promoter 
 sequence – promoter responsiveness to heat shock factor (Hsf1) specifies
  diffuse cytoplasmic localization and higher protein production upon gluco
 se starvation. Thus\, promoter sequences and transcription factor binding 
 can influence not only mRNA levels\, but also subcellular localization of 
 mRNAs and the efficiency with which they are translated\, enabling cells t
 o tailor protein production to environmental conditions.Bio:\nEducation:\n
    California Institute of Technology\, Pasadena CA\, Ph.D.\, 2008\, Bio
 logy\n   Truman State University\, Kirksville MO\, B.S.\, 2000\, Chemist
 ry\nResearch Experience:\n   Assistant Professor of Biochemistry – UC 
 San Diego July 2015 – present\n   Postdoctoral Fellow in the lab of Er
 in O’Shea\, Harvard University\, Nov 2008 – June 2015\n   Graduate S
 tudent in the lab of Seymour Benzer\, California Institute of Technology\,
  Jan 2001–Oct 2008
LOCATION:SV1717a http://map.epfl.ch/?room=sv1717a
STATUS:CONFIRMED
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