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SUMMARY:The effect of ambient temperature and the gut microbiota on the de
 velopment of diet-induced obesity
DTSTART:20161020T133000
DTEND:20161020T143000
DTSTAMP:20260920T164821Z
UID:db686f96e87acb6041b9d07f9081c24799d655dc306449a9f88720a3
CATEGORIES:Conferences - Seminars
DESCRIPTION:Marika Zietak Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases-
  Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research\, Polish Academy of Sc
 iences – Olsztyn\, Poland.  \nVariations in adiposity phenotype can be 
 regulated by cold exposure or as recently described by the gut microbiota.
  The former intensifies thermogenesis in brown adipocytes via Ucp1 inducti
 on\, the latter may involve mechanisms enhancing the thermogenic capacity 
 by microbial-derived bile acids (BAs)\, which act through the thyroid horm
 one axis. We proposed that increased energy expenditure at lower ambient t
 emperature is linked to gut microbiota metabolism. In three independent ex
 periments we showed that at 12°C mice fed a high-fat diet had reduced adi
 posity and increased total energy expenditure that together with induced U
 cp1 mRNA level in iBAT and increased hepatic fatty acid oxidation blocked 
 diet-induced obesity. These changes were accompanied by alterations in gut
  microbiota composition that was significantly clustered in response to lo
 w ambient temperature\, with the strongest effect on a high-fat diet.\n\nM
 ice with reduced adiposity were characterized by increased number of Adler
 creuztia\, Mogibacteriaceae\, Ruminococcaceae\, Desulfovibrio associated w
 ith leanness. At 12°C higher production of taurine-conjugated bile acids\
 , particularly TαMCA\, TβMCA led to increased AMPK activation and decrea
 sed FXR signaling that resulted in lean phenotype. Cold-shaped microbiota 
 maintained lean phenotype and energy metabolism\, when transferred to germ
  free host. Importantly\, the changes in gut microbiota composition and mi
 crobial metabolism were observed already after 1 day of cold exposure and 
 were independent of reduced adiposity. We present a novel pathway by which
  cold-activated thermogenesis modulates the structure and function of the 
 gut microbiota to affect microbiota-liver-BAT signaling and energy expendi
 ture. In our mouse model\, lower ambient temperature phenocopies the germ-
 free state and protects against developing diet-induced obesity.  
LOCATION:AI 1153 https://plan.epfl.ch/?room==AI%201153
STATUS:CONFIRMED
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