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SUMMARY:EESS talk on "Can microbial ecotoxicology contribute to improve en
 vironmental risk assessment of pesticides to better preserve soil ecosyste
 mic services?"
DTSTART:20171010T121500
DTEND:20171010T131500
DTSTAMP:20260414T175425Z
UID:7ecd11f4e667013a31e6884d34478fdf9eb4f8e9961ecd7906edf941
CATEGORIES:Conferences - Seminars
DESCRIPTION:Dr Fabrice Martin-Laurent\, Biologie et fonctions écosystémi
 ques des sols\, UMR AgroEcologie\, INRA Dijon\, France\n\nShort biography:
 \nDr. F Martin-Laurent is director of research at INRA Dijon. He is adjunc
 t director of the laboratory of AgroEcology and head of department BIOmE (
 Biology and ecosystemic functions of soil). He is leading a group of resea
 rch aiming at characterizing the ecotoxicological impact of pesticides on 
 soil microorganisms and supported ecosystemic functions.\nAbstract:\nSoil 
 microbial ecotoxicology is an emerging science facing environmental threat
 s resulting from intense anthropogenic activities (Ghiglione et al.\, 2016
 ).  It aims to assess the impact of abiotic and biotic stressors on the a
 bundance\, diversity and activity of soil microbial communities. These par
 ameters can under certain circumstances be used as proxies to assess the r
 esilience and possible recoveries of a range of ecosystemic functions. The
  incredible advances of microbial ecotoxicology\, resulting from the rapid
  and massive implementation of omics\, allow to estimate pesticide toxicit
 y to soil microorganisms but are not taken on board by the current regulat
 ion (Martin-Laurent et al.\, 2013).\n\nIndeed\, the EU directive 91/414 wh
 ich regulates the registration of active ingredient entering in the compos
 ition of pesticide\, only recommends to estimate the ecotoxicological impa
 ct of pesticide on soil microorganisms by using two outdated global tests 
 (carbon- and nitrogen-mineralization tests\; OECD 217 and 216\, respective
 ly). Recently\, EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) published three scie
 ntific opinions to improve environmental risk assessment (ERA) of pesticid
 es by\n(i) defining as specific protection goal soil ecosystemic services 
 and suggesting microbial functions as attributes to be protected (EFSA\, 2
 010)\,\n(ii) suggesting to consider the temporal and spatial ecological re
 covery of non-target organisms exposed to pesticides (EFSA\, 2016)\, and\n
 (iii) publishing an exhaustive inventory of methods to assess the risk of 
 pesticides for in-soil organisms (EFSA\, 2017).\n\nWithin this context\, m
 y talk will first remind how currently pesticide toxicity towards soil mic
 roorganisms is assessed during the process of pesticide registration. Seco
 ndly\, my talk will provide details on ongoing initiatives at EFSA to impr
 ove the assessment of the risk of pesticides to soil microorganisms to bet
 ter preserve soil ecosystemic services. Thirdly\, I will provide some exam
 ples illustrating how microbial ecotoxicology can contribute to estimate p
 esticide toxicity towards soil microorganisms and supported soil ecosystem
 ic services.\n \nCited references:\nGhiglione et al. (2016) Microbial eco
 toxicology: an emerging discipline facing contemporary environmental threa
 ts. Environ Sci Pollut Res. 23: 3981-3983\nMartin-Laurent et al. (2013) EC
 OFUN-MICROBIODIV: an FP7 European project for developing and evaluating in
 novative tools for assessing the impact of pesticides on soil functional m
 icrobial diversity – towards new pesticide registration regulation? Envi
 ron Sci Pollut Res.20:1203-1205\nEFSA\, 2010. Scientific opinion on the de
 velopment of specific protection goal options for environmental risk asses
 sment of pesticides\, in particular in relation to the revision of the gui
 dance documents on aquatic and terrestrial ecotoxicology (SANCO/3268/2001 
 and SANCO/10329/2002)\, EFSA Panel on Plant Protection Products and their 
 Residues (PPR). EFSA Journal 2010\; 8 (10): 1821.\nEFSA\, 2016. Recovery i
 n environmental risk assessments at EFSA\, EFSA Scientific Committee.\nEFS
 A Journal 2016\; 14 (2): 4313.\nEFSA\, 2017. Scientific Opinion addressing
  the state of the science on risk assessment 2 of plant protection product
 s for in-soil organisms. EFSA Panel on Plant Protection Products and their
  Residues (PPR). EFSA Journal 2017\; 15 (2): 4690.
LOCATION:GR C0 01 https://plan.epfl.ch/theme/generalite_thm_v2?room=GR%20C
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STATUS:CONFIRMED
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