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SUMMARY:"Toasting" our genomes: how alcohol and aldehydes cause us damage
DTSTART:20171011T100000
DTEND:20171011T110000
DTSTAMP:20260512T233938Z
UID:df4c9c1d39f28074ecac0c320cdbd52513f78030b14d87adfad4a0cd
CATEGORIES:Conferences - Seminars
DESCRIPTION:KJ Patel\, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology\, Cambridge\, U
 nited Kingdom\nA two tier protection system consisting of the enzyme  tha
 t removes acetaldehyde-Aldh2 or Adh5 that removes formaldehyde in combinat
 ion with DNA crosslink repair pathway are essential for the production of 
 blood in mice and humans. Without this protection these endogenous as well
  as well alcohol derived aldehydes produced through metabolism damage bloo
 d stem cells causing their loss.\n\nIn my talk I will review our research 
 where we discovered this two tier protection system. I shall present some 
 new data that show that the loss of these stem cells occurs through a p53 
 dependent mechanism. Using single stem cell reconstituted mice I describe 
 how we can uncover the genomic sequence of two tier deficient stem cells d
 amaged by aldehydes. I will reveal the mutational landscape that aldehydes
  cause in blood stem cells\, and discuss how this may lead to their dysfun
 ction and death.\n\nBio: KJ Patel is working on the molecular basis of inh
 erited genomic instability and the role it plays in the biology of stem ce
 lls. His research has led to new insights into how toxins released from me
 tabolism can damage the DNA of stem cells\, particularly in those that pro
 duce blood. Studies carried out by his laboratory have uncovered how the b
 ody defends itself against these toxic metabolites through a dual protecti
 on mechanism that involves degradation of these metabolites and a specific
  form of DNA repair\, the Fanconi anaemia DNA repair pathway. His work has
  also shown how the toxic by-product of alcohol metabolism\, acetaldehyde\
 , damages DNA and may contribute to diseases associated with ethanol abuse
 \, such as fetal alcohol syndrome and certain common cancers.\n\nKJ Patel\
 , who is medically qualified\, has had a long career in Cambridge's Labora
 tory of Molecular Biology\, having done his PhD with Michael Neuberger. He
  returned for postdoctoral training\, then became a tenure track group lea
 der (MRC Senior Clinical Fellow) and has been a tenured group leader since
  2007. He was elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society in 2015.
LOCATION:SV 1717 https://plan.epfl.ch/?room==SV%201717
STATUS:CONFIRMED
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