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SUMMARY:Creating balance: Resource allocation in E.coli
DTSTART:20180329T090000
DTSTAMP:20260407T163531Z
UID:2facc2b664da01fab3c8e3aa1c0f4eda9dc8e43b07a2971237013a20
CATEGORIES:Conferences - Seminars
DESCRIPTION:Sophia Hsin-Jung Li\, Department of Molecular Biology\, Prince
 ton\nTo grow and survive\, bacteria need to allocate their precious nutrie
 nts wisely. A big challenge they face is to balance the synthesis of ribos
 omes\, the machinery that produces proteins\, and proteins themselves. Pre
 vious studies found that ribosome levels are tightly coupled to growth rat
 e\, and proposed that this linear relationship reflects an optimal allocat
 ion strategy. However\, my work on E.coli growth under nutrient limitati
 ons shows that under slow growth conditions\, cells use several strategies
  to achieve the same protein synthesis rate. By combining mathematical mod
 eling and experimental measurements including ribosome profiling\, I show 
 how cells tune various aspects of translation. Under phosphate (P) limitat
 ion\, translation is slow due to a particularly low abundance of ribosomes
 \, which are RNA-rich and thus particularly costly for phosphorous-limited
  cells. In nitrogen (N) limited conditions\, translational elongation is s
 lowed by processes including ribosome stalling at glutamine codons. Under 
 carbon (C) limitation\, translation is slowed by the accumulation of inact
 ive ribosomes not bound to mRNA. I have also found that the extra ribosome
 s accumulated in C- and N-limited cells accelerate growth when nutrients r
 eappear. Taken together\, these results shed light on the global regulatio
 n of bacterial translation and the trade-off between maximizing growth and
  being prepared to rapidly adapt if nutrient availability changes.
LOCATION:SV 1717 https://plan.epfl.ch/?room==SV%201717
STATUS:CONFIRMED
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