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SUMMARY:Vision & Cognition Seminar // Ulrich Ettinger - Effects of Ketamin
 e on Oculomotor and Neuroimaging Biomarkers of Schizophrenia
DTSTART:20190315T173000
DTEND:20190315T183000
DTSTAMP:20260510T235124Z
UID:73f0b8516efbf2a6b044d4d23bccdd54d152697998935c1a910dcd69
CATEGORIES:Conferences - Seminars
DESCRIPTION:Ulrich Ettinger Department of Psychology\, University of Bonn 
  \nIn this talk I will present findings from recent investigations into t
 he effects of ketamine on cognition\, oculomotor control and brain functio
 n. Ketamine has been proposed to model symptoms of psychosis. Support for 
 this hypothesis comes from studies that report ketamine-induced alteration
 s in cognition and brain function that resemble the deficits observed in s
 chizophrenia. Here\, I will focus on well-established biomarkers and endop
 henotypes of schizophrenia spectrum disorders\, viz. smooth pursuit eye mo
 vements (SPEM) and antisaccades (AS)\, as well as other measures of cognit
 ive function. We and others have observed SPEM impairments during ketamine
  administration in healthy volunteers. These appear to resemble the defici
 ts observed in schizophrenia\, but cannot be prevented with antipsychotic 
 pre-dosing in healthy participants. Antisaccade performance\, in contrast\
 , appears to be relatively uninfluenced by ketamine administration. This f
 inding is surprising\, given that antisaccade error rates are reliably and
  robustly increased in schizophrenia patients\, and reflects a limitation 
 of the ketamine model of psychosis. In a recent study\, we investigated th
 e neural effects of ketamine during SPEM and AS in healthy participants us
 ing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at 3T. In agreement with 
 previous studies\, ketamine administration induced psychosis-like symptoms
  and led to robust deficits in SPEM performance\; these were accompanied b
 y reduced blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal in the SPEM network c
 ompared to placebo. These results bear resemblance to the deviations found
  in schizophrenia patients. In contrast\, AS error rate and BOLD response 
 during the AS task were largely unaffected by ketamine. Overall\, our find
 ings support the role of glutamate in SPEM and provide partial support for
  the use of ketamine as a pharmacological model of psychosis.\n 
LOCATION:SV 2510 https://plan.epfl.ch/?room=SV2510
STATUS:CONFIRMED
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