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SUMMARY:Cellular aggregates and microparticles:  spontaneous migration\, c
 ollective phagocytosis\, dancing
DTSTART:20190919T110000
DTEND:20190919T120000
DTSTAMP:20260407T183733Z
UID:41a7e5b7aafe760c6387ccc2dfa78b7da4663a055419892cda2681af
CATEGORIES:Conferences - Seminars
DESCRIPTION:Prof. Françoise Brochard-Wyart Sorbonne –Université Paris 
 05\, CNRS UMR 168\, Institut Curie\nWe introduce the broad field of entan
 gled active matter. Unlike swarms of fish and flocks of birds\, cells are
  bound by transient links and behave as activeviscoelastic pastes. We inv
 estigate the collective migration of cell on adhesive gels\, using 3D cell
 ular aggregates as a model system. Aggregates spread by expanding outwards
  a cell monolayer\, which may partially dewet\, causing the aggregate to 
 move. Varying the substrate rigidity induces different modes of aggregate
  motion: “Giant Keratocytes”\, where the lamellipodium is a cell monol
 ayer that expands at the front and retracts at the back\; “Penguins”\,
  characterized by bipedal locomotion\; and “Running Spheroids”\, for 
 non-spreading aggregates. We characterize these diverse modes of collectiv
 e migration by quantifying the flows and force field responsible of the b
 ipedal stick-slip motion. We propose two possible mechanisms to explain t
 he spontaneous migration of cellular aggregates: i)chemical modification o
 f the substrate in analogy to reactive droplets. We show that it is poss
 ible to mimic a keratocyte with a droplet of oil containing a surfactant. 
 The reactive droplet adopts a croissant shape also seen for keratocyte f
 ragments and ii) symmetry-breaking arising from cell polarization in anal
 ogy to active droplets. We then describe mixture of dead and living matte
 r and how microparticles play with cells. (More in the attached document)
LOCATION:BS407 https://plan.epfl.ch/?room==BSP%20407
STATUS:CONFIRMED
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