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SUMMARY:The organization and function of enigmatic neocortical layer 1
DTSTART:20191007T150000
DTEND:20191007T160000
DTSTAMP:20260528T184205Z
UID:9bd4ea5ae282895b87aa2f3da3cb4462496924253090f212aeff0759
CATEGORIES:Conferences - Seminars
DESCRIPTION:Bio: Dr. Bernardo Rudy is a senior investigator interested in
  the organization and function of cortical circuits\, and the cellular and
  circuit mechanisms of information processing in the neocortex. His lab ha
 s utilized molecular genetics and electrophysiological recording in acute 
 brain slices and in vivo to study brain circuits involved in sensory proce
 ssing\, the mechanisms of acetylcholine (ACh) modulation of cortical circu
 its\, the diversity and function of cortical GABAergic interneurons and th
 e ion channels governing the functional properties of cortical neurons. Re
 cently his lab developed a novel efficient and high-yield method (Channelr
 hodopsin-assisted patching) that allows the in vivo electrophysiological r
 ecording and labeling of neurons throughout the brain. Together with the l
 ab of Gordon Fishell the Rudy lab they have developed novel genetic strate
 gies to unravel and study the diversity of GABAergic interneurons in the n
 eocortex and cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain. This application 
 presents a comprehensive research program that utilizes these and other in
 novations in addition to other cutting edge methods to achieve a new under
 standing of interneuron diversity in the neocortex and the mechanisms by w
 hich ACh regulates cortical activity and thereby help advance our knowledg
 e of the mechanisms of sensory perception. His lab has a long-standing col
 laboration with the lab of Gordon Fishell\, and collaborates extensively w
 ith other members of the NYU Neuroscience Institute including Simon Peron\
 , Robert Froemke\, Michael Halassa\; Xiao-Jing Wang\; Michael Long\; Wenbi
 ao Gan\, Dmitry Rinberg\, Alex Reyes\, Adam Carter\, Tony Movshon\, Dan Sa
 nes and Gyorgy Buzsaki. We also have a close collaboration with Dr. ZJ Hua
 ng at Cold Spring Harbor. Past trainees of the Rudy lab include 16 Ph.D. s
 tudents and 19 postdoctoral fellows\, many of whom have become independent
  tenure-track faculty members or are doing research in industry (2). Dr. R
 udy teaches in the Core Neuroscience Course of the Neuroscience Program at
  NYU and a course on Neural Circuits and Behavior with Robert Froemke. He
  is PI of our T32 training grant. Dr. Rudy assembled the team working on t
 his U19 and will function as the PD of the U19 program\, as well as direct
 or of the administrative core and co-PI of Projects 1\, 2\, and 3.\nSensor
 y perception depends on neocortical computations that contextually integra
 te signals from sensory organs (bottom-up or feed-forward input) with inte
 rnal information such as expectations\, predictions\, attention\, emotions
  and memories (top-down proessing). This results in the generation of a pe
 rcept that is appropriate for the behavioral needs of the animal. Bottom-u
 p sensory information is first conveyed by the primary sensory thalamus to
  neocortical layers 4 and 5b/6 and is eventually relayed to the basal dend
 rites of pyramidal cells (PCs)\, the output cells of the neocortex found i
 n layers 2/3 and 5. On the other hand\, layer 1 (L1) is the main target of
  cortical and subcortical inputs that provide “top-down” information f
 or context dependent sensory processing. However\, the precise mechanisms 
 that mediate contextual modulation remain unknown. L1 contains several poo
 rly characterized subtypes of GABAergic interneurons. In addition\, L1 con
 tains the dendrites of several types of interneurons with somas in L2/3 an
 d the axons of Martinotti cells\, a subtype of GABAergic interneuron speci
 alized for dendritic inhibition. L1 contains no excitatory cells\, but it 
 contains the distal\, “tuft” dendrites of pyramidal cells in deeper la
 yers. Understanding the processing of contextual signals by L1 interneuron
 s and the interactions of these cells with the tuft dendrites of pyramidal
  cells\, is crucial to understand sensory perception. I will describe nove
 l findings on the organization and structure of neocortical L1 in the mous
 e cortex that advance our knowledge of the mechanisms of context dependent
  sensory perception.
LOCATION:B1 6 272.043 https://plan.epfl.ch/?room==B1%206%20272.043
STATUS:CONFIRMED
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