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SUMMARY:Blue Brain Seminar - Variability and co-variations in ion channel 
 expression and in electrophysiological properties in neurons
DTSTART:20210722T150000
DTSTAMP:20260408T133128Z
UID:ba590111f7531f1af6608d1e286b144329da5072a16b149dc6334930
CATEGORIES:Conferences - Seminars
DESCRIPTION:Jean-Marc Goaillard\nVirtual Event  \nThe next seminar in th
 e series in Neural Computation\, will be on ‘Variability and co-variatio
 ns in ion channel expression and in electrophysiological properties in neu
 rons’. The seminar will be given by Jean-Marc Goaillard\, Inserm CRCN\, 
 Group Leader\n‘Systems Approaches to Neuronal Excitability’ group\, In
 stitut de Neurosciences de la Timone\, Marseille\, France.\n\n\nAbstract\n
 In spite of the considerable biophysical knowledge available about ion cha
 nnel types and properties\, we still have a poor understanding of how a sp
 ecific neuronal type invariably achieves its characteristic electrical phe
 notype and maintains it in spite of all the insults the neuron faces durin
 g its long lifespan.\n\nThis lack of understanding seems to be essentially
  due to the fact that i) any neuronal type relies on a large number of dif
 ferent ion channel subtypes to generate its characteristic electrical phen
 otype\, ii) the respective expression levels of these ion channels are cri
 tical in defining their impact\, and iii)\, the functional impact of these
  ion channels is also influenced by the morphology of the neuron.\n\nOver 
 the past six years\, we have tried to develop systems-level approaches to 
 understand how midbrain dopaminergic neurons invariably generate a stable 
 electrical phenotype when recorded in vitro (pacemaking activity\, broad a
 ction potential\, etc...). In particular\, we used a combination of single
 -neuron transcriptomics\, electrophysiological recordings\, and advanced m
 ultivariate mathematical analysis to try to understand how quantitative ch
 anges in ion channel expression levels may explain variations in the elect
 rical phenotype (or stability thereof).\n\nAs described in other systems\,
  we found that ion channel expression levels are highly variable from neur
 on to neuron\, even in this well-identified neuronal population. We also f
 ound that electrophysiological properties displayed significant variations
  from neuron to neuron. More interestingly\, we found that both ion channe
 l expression levels and specific electrophysiological properties co-varied
 \, highlighting the presence of invariant high-dimensional relationships. 
 We believe that these co-variations play an essential role in achieving a 
 given electrophysiological phenotype and maintaining it over time in the f
 ace of perturbations.\n \n\nAbout Jean-Marc Goaillard\n“After a PhD the
 sis where I used patch-clamp combined with cAMP imaging to investigate the
  modulation of ion channels by second messengers\, I moved to the stomatog
 astric nervous system to try and decipher the mechanisms underlying the ro
 bustness of neural networks. During this post-doctoral work\, we showed th
 at neurons of the same type can generate virtually identical waveforms of 
 activity while simultaneously displaying a high degree of variability in e
 xpression for the ion channels underlying this activity pattern. We also d
 emonstrated that ion channel expression levels are not only variable but a
 lso co-vary\, such that specific modules of co-expression characterize eac
 h neuronal type (Schulz et al.\, Nat. Neurosci. 2006\; PNAS\, 2007\; Goail
 lard et al.\, Nat. Neurosci. 2009). I then started my lab in Marseille\, t
 ransposing these questions into the more complex mammalian nervous system.
  Specifically\, we started investigating how midbrain dopaminergic neurons
  generate their typical "pacemaking" pattern of activity\, and how the var
 iations in this pattern relate to variations in the expression levels or b
 iophysical properties of ion channels (Amendola et al.\, J. Neurosci. 2012
 \; Dufour et al.\, eLife 2014\; Tapia et al.\, Sci. Rep. 2018\; Moubarak e
 t al.\, J. Neurosci. 2019). In particular\, we developed a multi-disciplin
 ary line of work involving patch-clamp recordings\, computational modeling
 \, single-neuron transcriptomics and advanced multivariate analyses\, base
 d on the belief that neuronal activity can only be understood if precise b
 iophysical mechanisms are combined with -omics and database approaches to 
 hopefully achieve a systems-level understanding of this fundametal process
 .”\n\nFind out more - https://www.unis-neuro.com/26-membre-goaillard-jea
 n-marc.html \n\n\n 
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