Mechanical Force Mediated 3D Organogenesis Withstanding Gravity Controlled by YAP
Event details
| Date | 22.11.2018 |
| Hour | 10:15 |
| Speaker |
Prof. Makoto Furutani-Seiki, Yamaguchi University (JPN) |
| Location | |
| Category | Conferences - Seminars |
BIOENGINEERING SEMINAR
Abstract:
Cells of terrestrial animals are constantly exposed to external forces including gravity. However, the complex 3D structure of the body and its organs form without being flattened. A century ago, the mathematical biologist D’Arcy Thompson predicted in ‘On Growth and Form’ that terrestrial animal body shapes are entirely conditioned by gravity, but the prediction remained to be proved due to the lack of an appropriate animal model. I will present a new mechanism of morphogenesis which ensures the generation of vertebrate 3D body and organ shape that can withstand gravity identified by the analysis of medaka fish mutant “hirame” (Porazinski et al., Nature 2015). Its molecular mechanism regulated by the transcriptional activator YAP is involved in the bi-directional mechanical interactions between cells and extracellular matrix (ECM), called mechano-homeostasis: tissue stem cells differentiate according to ECM stiffness and conversely, differentiated cells maintain their identify by controlling ECM stiffness (Asaoka & Furutani-Seiki, Curr Opin Cell Biol, 2017). Our finding also lead to the identification of YAP as a gravity response gene. We now plan to carry out experiments in space to prove this model.
Bio:
Makoto Furutani-Seiki is a Professor of Systems Biochemistry at Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Japan, and a visiting Associate Professor at the University of Bath, UK. Dr. Furutani-Seiki is an M.D. and obtained his Ph.D. in Immunology from the University of Tokyo, supervised by Tomio Tada (1989). He was a postdoc in Janni Nüsslein-Volhard’s lab at Max-Planck-Institute in Tübingen (1992-1997), after which he conducted a genome-wide mutagenesis screen using medaka fish as a group leader of the Kondoh Differentiation Signaling ERATO project (Japan Science and Technology Agency, 1998-2007). He then moved to University of Bath, UK, Centre for Regenerative Medicine as a MRC Senior Research Fellow, and continues his research at Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Japan.
Abstract:
Cells of terrestrial animals are constantly exposed to external forces including gravity. However, the complex 3D structure of the body and its organs form without being flattened. A century ago, the mathematical biologist D’Arcy Thompson predicted in ‘On Growth and Form’ that terrestrial animal body shapes are entirely conditioned by gravity, but the prediction remained to be proved due to the lack of an appropriate animal model. I will present a new mechanism of morphogenesis which ensures the generation of vertebrate 3D body and organ shape that can withstand gravity identified by the analysis of medaka fish mutant “hirame” (Porazinski et al., Nature 2015). Its molecular mechanism regulated by the transcriptional activator YAP is involved in the bi-directional mechanical interactions between cells and extracellular matrix (ECM), called mechano-homeostasis: tissue stem cells differentiate according to ECM stiffness and conversely, differentiated cells maintain their identify by controlling ECM stiffness (Asaoka & Furutani-Seiki, Curr Opin Cell Biol, 2017). Our finding also lead to the identification of YAP as a gravity response gene. We now plan to carry out experiments in space to prove this model.
Bio:
Makoto Furutani-Seiki is a Professor of Systems Biochemistry at Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Japan, and a visiting Associate Professor at the University of Bath, UK. Dr. Furutani-Seiki is an M.D. and obtained his Ph.D. in Immunology from the University of Tokyo, supervised by Tomio Tada (1989). He was a postdoc in Janni Nüsslein-Volhard’s lab at Max-Planck-Institute in Tübingen (1992-1997), after which he conducted a genome-wide mutagenesis screen using medaka fish as a group leader of the Kondoh Differentiation Signaling ERATO project (Japan Science and Technology Agency, 1998-2007). He then moved to University of Bath, UK, Centre for Regenerative Medicine as a MRC Senior Research Fellow, and continues his research at Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Japan.
Practical information
- Informed public
- Free
Organizer
Contact
- Institute of Bioengineering (IBI, Christina Mattsson)