Bone Marrow Adiposity and Myelopoiesis in PPARγ Null Mice
Event details
| Date | 19.05.2014 |
| Hour | 13:30 |
| Speaker | Prof. Béatrice Desvergne, Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne (CH) |
| Location | |
| Category | Conferences - Seminars |
DISTINGUISHED LECTURE IN BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
Abstract:
Bone physiology and hematopoiesis are intimately linked. Adult hematopoiesis takes place in the bone cavity, where a variety of cells and molecular contacts create a niche allowing hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to undergo cell division and differentiation in a highly regulated manner. Adipocytes are also present in the bone marrow and their contribution to the stem cell niche has been proposed. The nuclear receptor Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) is critically required for adipocyte differentiation. PPARγ activation also acts on bone physiology via inhibition of osteoblast formation and promotion of adipocyte differentiation from common mesenchymal progenitors. To explore the systemic and local importance of adipose tissue, we generated a mouse model carrying a constitutive deletion of PPARγ, which is totally deprived of any form of adipose tissue. As a result, deletion of PPARγ and/or lack of adiposity in the bone marrow cavity activates long-term HSCs (LT-HSCs) and promotes myelopoiesis from bone marrow progenitors. This is accompanied by severe extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH). Data emphasizing the role of bone marrow adiposity in setting the appropriate bone marrow microenvironment for bone homeostasis and hematopoiesis will be presented.
Bio:
Béatrice Desvergne was trained as a MD. In 1984, she obtained both the MD degree and the specialization in Anesthesiology and Resuscitation. After practicing medicine for a few years, she decided to devote more time for fundamental research. She thus carried out a post-doctoral stay from 1988 to 1992 at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, first as visiting fellow and then visiting associate in the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, in the field of Molecular Endocrinology. In 1992, she was appointed as assistant professor at the University of Lausanne. She was then recruited as associate professor at the same University, joined the Center for Integrative Genomics in 2003, and was promoted as full professor in 2008. In addition to her teaching and research activities, she was elected President of the Section of Fundamental Sciences from January 2009 to July 2012 and appointed as the Vice-Dean of the Faculty of Biology and Medicine from August 2009 to July 2012. In August 2012, she has been elected as the new Dean of the Faculty of Biology and Medicine.
Her research interests focus on understanding nuclear receptors from their molecular mechanism of action to their implication in development and homeostasis processes. Accordingly, the approaches that she uses gives a lot of importance to in vivo observations, as the lead for exploring and understanding their molecular explanations. She also has a broad interest in interdisciplinary sciences and holds a bachelor degree in Philosophy. With that respect, she is an important actor in organizing teaching around sciences, techniques, and society within the cursus of Biology students at the University of Lausanne.
Abstract:
Bone physiology and hematopoiesis are intimately linked. Adult hematopoiesis takes place in the bone cavity, where a variety of cells and molecular contacts create a niche allowing hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to undergo cell division and differentiation in a highly regulated manner. Adipocytes are also present in the bone marrow and their contribution to the stem cell niche has been proposed. The nuclear receptor Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) is critically required for adipocyte differentiation. PPARγ activation also acts on bone physiology via inhibition of osteoblast formation and promotion of adipocyte differentiation from common mesenchymal progenitors. To explore the systemic and local importance of adipose tissue, we generated a mouse model carrying a constitutive deletion of PPARγ, which is totally deprived of any form of adipose tissue. As a result, deletion of PPARγ and/or lack of adiposity in the bone marrow cavity activates long-term HSCs (LT-HSCs) and promotes myelopoiesis from bone marrow progenitors. This is accompanied by severe extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH). Data emphasizing the role of bone marrow adiposity in setting the appropriate bone marrow microenvironment for bone homeostasis and hematopoiesis will be presented.
Bio:
Béatrice Desvergne was trained as a MD. In 1984, she obtained both the MD degree and the specialization in Anesthesiology and Resuscitation. After practicing medicine for a few years, she decided to devote more time for fundamental research. She thus carried out a post-doctoral stay from 1988 to 1992 at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, first as visiting fellow and then visiting associate in the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, in the field of Molecular Endocrinology. In 1992, she was appointed as assistant professor at the University of Lausanne. She was then recruited as associate professor at the same University, joined the Center for Integrative Genomics in 2003, and was promoted as full professor in 2008. In addition to her teaching and research activities, she was elected President of the Section of Fundamental Sciences from January 2009 to July 2012 and appointed as the Vice-Dean of the Faculty of Biology and Medicine from August 2009 to July 2012. In August 2012, she has been elected as the new Dean of the Faculty of Biology and Medicine.
Her research interests focus on understanding nuclear receptors from their molecular mechanism of action to their implication in development and homeostasis processes. Accordingly, the approaches that she uses gives a lot of importance to in vivo observations, as the lead for exploring and understanding their molecular explanations. She also has a broad interest in interdisciplinary sciences and holds a bachelor degree in Philosophy. With that respect, she is an important actor in organizing teaching around sciences, techniques, and society within the cursus of Biology students at the University of Lausanne.
Practical information
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